AREMA INDONESIA OWNERSHIP CONFLICT

AREMA Indonesia

AREMA INDONESIA (formerly named AREMA Malang) is a football club based in Malang, East Java, Indonesia. AREMA was established on August 11, 1987, AREMA has the nickname "Singo Edan". They played at the Stadium Kanjuruhan and Stadium Gajayana. AREMA is the derby of Persema Malang. In the 2010-11 season, at the launching event was using the name of AREMA FC, but two days later returned to the name of AREMA INDONESIA. Since present in the national football, has become an icon of AREMA Malang citizens (Malang City, Malang District, Batu) and its surroundings. As the embodiment of the symbol AREMA, almost in every corner of the city to the small alleys and a statue of a lion. The group of their supporters were called Aremania and Aremanita (for the support of women).

History of the conflict

Andi Darussalam Tabusalla Former chairman of the National League Indonesia (BLI).  He asserts that ownership AREMA fully been moved to PT Bentoel, is the second largest tobacco company in Indonesia. The company is based in Jakarta and Malang, when the family of the deceased acub zaenal whole selling shares. Then after being taken over by Bentoel with compensation to the family. This was done on January 9, 2003. But this only lasted for five years. PT Bentoel started leaving AREMA because PT bentoel stock purchased by British American Tobacco (BAT), British American Tobacco plc. which Is a multinational company that produces a variety of products Cigarettes. The company was founded in 1902. The brand cigarettes produced in this company are Dunhill, Lucky Strike and Pall Mall, BAT asked when was buying PT Bentoel “there is no contribution at all for PT AREMA“.It happened ahead of the competition entry in 2009 of INDONESIA SUPER LEAGUE. Pt bentoel serious will dissolve AREMA because at the time there is no money to distribute to AREMA by PT Bentoel. Until finally then there are the numbers Rp7.5 billion for the season.

Early problem

Joko Driyono as secretary PT Liga Indonesia facilitators explain there is the transition to the foundation about 14 shares. Then give one share only to the family of the deceased acub zaenal as the founder of the club AREMA and honor for them. After the agreed amount of shares, according to Andi Darussalam Tabusalla, formed the foundation management arrangement (new), chaired by Muhammad Nur, former of Secretary of Malang district. The same time, AREMA still has old management that has operated over years in the field versioned by Rendra krisna but there is no legal document.

At the time Renda Krishna as the head of the Malang district as well at the time WAS OFFERED to enter into New foundation management because his place was used as Stadium of AREMA in Kanjuruhan but then Mr.rendra refused and the position was shifted to Bambang Winarno, chairman of the board supervisor Mr. Darjoto . Then to limited liability company Mr. Darjoto suggest Mr. Gunadi. Afterward, Rendra Krisna who do not want to join new management because his parties feel that Original AREMA is AREMA that has been operated over years in the field and has official offices located on Sultan Agung street, where did this office is an office that had been used by AREMA FC

As result of this forming the foundation management, there are two management of AREMA which is versioned under Muhammad Nur and Rendra Krisna which famously called Pro M.nur Parties and Pro Rendra Krishna parties

The Dualism of AREMA

As we all know a lot, PSSI has just undergone a period of transformation in 2010, change, large scale revolution. Both in terms of management even with everything that smelled of PSSI old regime (regime Nurdih Halid) has been destroyed by the new PSSI leadership, namely by Mr. Djohar Arifin. With new management of PSSI, there is verification and legalism from PSSI about every football club in Indonesia.   

In This time there are dualism of AREMA management, which resulted in the two teams AREMA formed. This incident stems from their endorsement by the party AREMA PSSI M.Nur version because it was considered AREMA M.Nur versions that have officially documents entitled to manage AREMA. Whereas at the same time there has been caretaker AREMA, Renda Krishna version with offices in Sultan Agung Street, where this office did is an office that had been used by AREMA FC. Because PSSI has endorsed AREMA regardless of the circumstances, that which of AREMA is real,  which of AREMA is so far going to office, which AREMA have had a clear identity in the eyes of Malang citizen, AREMA in the office which has a Indonesia champion cup and other , AREMA where which has a lot of supporters, and others.

However PSSI remained adamant ratify AREMA versioned by M.Nur was legitimate and eligible for the league to be held by the PSSI, namely Indonesia Premier League (IPL) because his parties has complete documents to own and manage AREMA. And the problem, Arema stronghold of  rendra Krishna is felt as a legitimate party is also preparing everything to become a team and are ready to join a league.

At The Same Time PSSI (football association of Indonesia ) Has Internal Conflict

New PSSI management under Prof.dr. Djohar Arifin has created new operator league which PT.LPIS without discussion with the old operator league that still has the right to operate the League because PSSI (Old regime) already signed the contract with old operator league PT.Liga Indonesia to operate league before early before transition to new management. Both operator which PT.LPIS and PT.Liga Indonesia have operated their own league which PT LPIS under legitimation of PSSI but PT. Liga indonesia insisted to operate the league because they feel they have a right to it. So AREMA Versioned by M.nur play Under PT.LPIS and AREMA Versioned by Rendra kresna play Under PT.Liga indonesia, mostly majority many old club still play in PT.liga Indonesia.  

After ½  year running conflict of PSSI or ½ season both league,  finally PSSI has reconciled and give back “ the right “ to operate League to PT.Liga Indonesia and make AREMA versioned by M.nur can’t play again because PT.LPIS is dispersed and AREMA versioned by rendra kresna who do not get legitimation from PSSI still continue to play under PT.Liga Indonesia at the time and at the same time it make  worst when Abu Rizal bakri group who own PELITAYA PURWAKARTA FC is acquisitioning  all of share that AREMA versioned by Rendra Kresna and then merge  with PELITAYA PURWAKARTA FC that also contestant in Indonesia super league same level with AREMA at the time then become AREMA CRONUS.

To solve the problem 

COLLABORATING METHOD OF PROBLEM SOLVING

We analyzes about the problem solving of this problem, it would be effective if the parties use the Collaborating method, in which the idea of collaborating method is to find win – win solution. It would be hard if the parties use the competing method, evethough it will be producing the winner of arema ownership but we analyze that after that it will be generating more complecated problems because the  legal standing of arema cronus has backed by Pelitajaya Purwakarta FC which is another company that acqusitioned the Arema indonesia from Rendra Kresna  which Pelita jaya has strong legal standing in term of law, so we predict that if the parties use competing method, AREMA INDONESIA with M-Nur version will be a win, on the other hand, The Bakrie Side who acqusitioned Arema indonesia from Rendra Kresna will be used another strategy to still use Arema crounus name because it has lagal standing backing from pelita jaya purwakarta Fc that has been merged with arema indonesia and over the time it would make arema become split or two team that will be confusing the arema fans itself that basicaly has huge and fanatic fans.

 Now we see that arama crounus right has strong fanancial backing from bakrie group. in which  most of the problems in indonesia football club teams are do not have enough money to finance operational club in which arema used to have those problems. Now in the positive side Bakrie group who handle arema cronus now has huge financial support but Arema indonesia version of M-Nur now has dieth becuase because PT- LPIS do not operate football league or replace by PSSI with PT. Liga that Arema crounus are playing on the other hand, arema indonesia version of M-Nur do not have strong financial support to make arema become the biggest team .

So  In order to solve this  problem, we suggest that to use collaborating problem solving,in which  PSSI as the father of the all of the Indonesia football club  (should be third parties as well) should take initiative to invite all parties who involved in this conflict to sit together even from M.Nur parties, Rendra Kresna parties, supporters, family founder of AREMA, Bakrie Group and other parties to create a solution without bringing in to the court first because I see this problem can be solved through intense discussion held by PSSI that unfortunately PSSI didn’t do it so far. To achieve the reconciliation of all parties must undergo legal procedures, to sit down and consulted together and then let the legal parties to inspect/investigate who the right to authorized the foundation management of Arema Indonesia. And then to avoid the further conflict in future and create new both of parties spirit. Then, set up a new board of supervisors, the board of the new foundation and new director and so on that based consent and recomendation from both parties, and then  registered to the notary and  Kemenkumkam as based on recommendation, decide and decision together from the parties involved as well. 

The advantages and disadvantages of Fascism Ideology

Fascims ideology

The definition of fascism: what is it? Terms of fascism was coming from Fascio the which means "group of politics". From this words, emerged terms "Fascio de Combattimento" the which means "battle array", the which has practiced in Italy from 1922 - 1943. Therefore, in the years of 1922 constitutes the early year for beginning fascism practices. Generally, fascism is dictatorship system that placed a country in the hand of one person and prohibits every opposition or resistance.

More specifically, fascism is dictatorship system of Italy, was then famous as extremists nationalism. Nazism is one kind of fascism. In Indonesia itself, many was considering that Suharto was fascism person. Another words, fascism is radical authoritarian nationalist political ideology. Fascist tried to manage a state accordance with corporatist perspective, values, and systems, included political and economic system. They encouraged to form of single party of dictatorship country that tried to Mobilize the mass of a nation and the creation of a "new man" is ideal to form a governing elite through indoctrination, physical education and family policy Including eugenics. Fascism believe that a nation needs a strong leadership, a single collective identity, and capability to do violence and battle to maintain strong nation. Fascist government prohibited and Oppressed opposition toward country.

The origin words of fascism

In the time the Roman Empire, the judges brought the bundle of sticks that in the middle of its ax head protrude. This fascism was symbolized Reviews their authorities. Mussolini revived this words and symbol in Italy in 1919. Follower parties, and the group of fighters called as fascist and the buddle of Reviews those sticks Became party logo. Hitler's followers in Germany prefer Themselves called National Socialism rather than fascist. Even though, both of Reviews These movements (fascism Italy under Mussolini and Germany under Hitler's national socialism) is basically the same.

The advantages and disadvantages
 
Simple reason why Benito Mussolini run to power in Italy was his promise that the train would run on time. Before he has entered office. The trains were notoriously late and if his rule had brought efficiency roomates it would have changed. Totalitarian rule has the potential to create a society with a great deal of order Because there is only one voice making decisions. For example in Germany, Hitler ran quite smoothly for Reviews those who fit Hitler's vision of an ideal citizen.

The major disadvantage of fascism is that having only one person in power means that there are no ethics or principles governing in place if that person loses stability. The saying "power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely" takes one of its most graphic examples from the historical rule of Hitler, as he used his totalitarian power to slaughter millions of innocents and to wreak Havoc all over Europe.

The big disadvantage of fascism is that have only one person in power meaning that there are no ethics or principles governing in place if that person loses stability. The saying "power tends to corrupts, but absolute power corrupts absolutely". For example is Hitler, as he used his totalitarian power to slaughter millions of innocents and to wreak Havoc all over Europe.

WHAT IS MORTGAGE LOAN?

Mortgage loans is a loan that needs to be guaranteed by an unmoving asset.  Within the debt aggreement called  an asset’s borrower that become collateral for instance in the form of  land over building. If the borrower do not return a loan on due time, so lender can sell the collateral for calculated with a related borrower.

Main types of Mortgage Loan

                There are several of mortgage loans that can you implement. Three of them commonly used by

Wide Consumers. Three options of  the company’s mortgage lenders and bank that offers its services written below :

-          Fixed  Mortgage Rate

-          Adjustable Mortgage Rate

-          Mortgage Loan Rate

       

Fixed Mortgage Rate

With Fixed Mortgage Rate, the level of interest rate will remain  the same until the end of loan period. Another tool of this method is for dividing the amount of  whole mortgage loan becoming the parts of equal installments. Another words, total payment and duration of the whole mortgage loan are fixed and paying the whole mortgage loans. In the type of mortgage loan, the payment of interest rate and the period of loan are constant from the first day of loan until the payment of mortgage is completed.

      The characteristic that the most specific ones of Fixed mortgage rate is its duration, interest rate, frequency and amount of total loan. Those figures are needed for calculating the installment. Mostly fixed mortgage rate took for mortgage loan for 30 years or more.   

Adjustable Mortgage Rate

as it has been explained above, with Fixed Mortgage Rate which  is mortgage borrower giving constant interest rate and static during the period of whole mortgage loans or Property loans. Within adjusted mortgage rate, it’s little  different from this situation. In this kind of mortgage rate, consumer can have choice of fixed combination and adjusted interest rate as well as can come with an end solution.

We called that the duration of common loans with interest fixed rate is 30 years or more. Opposite with adjusted mortgage rate that usually offers  shorter mortgage loan cycle and interest rate can be adjusted in various of  years such as three years until ten years.  

Mortgage loan rate

How if you have a limited  cash and fixed total salary in several years? Then only mortgage loan rate is the most reasonable for you. Because, it may be known by its name, only mortgage loan rate level  that should need to pay  for several first years. Because you do not need to pay its initial principle, every monthly payment is lower than other kinds of mortgage loan.

Prime structure of mortgage loan rate is closed enough to adjustable mortgage rate. Lower Monthly payment is look attractive at first sight, but it comes with the unbenefited position as well. Because you only need to pay the first period loan, the principle is remain the same for long-term period.      

Sri Mulyani Intimidates Singapore not to block Tax Amnesty Program for Indonesians

Indonesia Tells SingapoIndonesia's finance minister said that she had asked neighbor Singapore not to hinder her government's tax amnesty scheme, and won assurances that Indonesians with assets in the city-state would not come under suspicion for participating.

Sri Mulyani Indrawati said she got the promise from Deputy Prime Minister Tharman Shanmugaratnam, who she called after Reuters reported on Thursday that private banks in Singapore were passing the names of clients joining the amnesty to a local police unit dealing with financial crime.
Launched in July, the tax amnesty is a top priority for President Joko Widodo, who wants the repatriated funds to help pay for Indonesia's large budget deficit and broaden the country's tax base. A large majority of the offshore assets declared so far were from Singapore.
"I have stressed to the Singapore government that the Tax Amnesty Law clearly mentions that Indonesian taxpayers have the right to join the amnesty program and be pardoned for all their tax crimes and administrative sanctions," Finance Minister Sri Mulyani Indrawati told reporters.
"I will monitor this and all Indonesians that feel they have been hindered, we will follow up," said the former World Bank managing director.
The Monetary Authority of Singapore has confirmed it advised banks in Singapore to encourage clients to use tax amnesty programmes and that banks have to file a suspicious transaction report (STR) when handling tax amnesty cases.
MAS said participation in an amnesty in and of itself would not attract criminal investigation in Singapore.
Indrawati late Thursday told Indonesian media that the news on names being shared "could potentially disturb our taxpayers."


She said many in Indonesia asked her about Singapore's reporting requirement as some taxpayers became worried that when they join the amnesty to clear up their tax records, it could be seen as money laundering activity by Singapore authorities.
"There is no reason to be afraid. Joining the tax amnesty is a good action, it is legal and protected by law," Indrawati said on Friday.
Indonesians hold an estimated $200 billion in private banking assets in Singapore.
As of Friday, the government has collected Rp 22.7 trillion ($1.73 billion) of tax amnesty revenue or almost 14 percent of its ambitious target of Rp 165 trillion. Around Rp 552.7 trillion of assets have been declared by more than 60,000 taxpayers.
As of Sep 6 - the last breakdown available from Indonesia's finance ministry - Singapore accounted for 85 percent of assets declared outside Indonesia, followed by Australia with 6.7 percent, the United State 2.5 percent and Switzerland 1.8 percent.
Reuters

Be Grateful as The most perfect creature on the universe

According to fathuddin ja’far, MA in his SEI Empowerment Road to the Great Success said that Human is the most perfect creature of Allah  compared to his other creatures such as angles, devil, animal, etc.

Human physically to have a better body, more beauty and more perfect, it has stated (surah At-Tin 95, Verse 4) “we have indeed created man in the best stature”.

The perfection of that physical form, is still equipped by Allah with blown His soul. So human have an exalted, more glorious that the angles. As for the human glory begins when Allah wills made Adam as his khalifah on earth with big mission for worshipping him. The Will of Allah made human as his Kahalifah on earth, it was certainly based on his knowledge and planning very mature. Therefore, when the angles questioned Allah the plan of Allah, He answers “I know that which do not know (Al-baqarah 2:30).

Those glories are not because Allah subjectivity over all His creatures, but  based on scientific standards associated with the creation of the perfect design of both physical and non-physical such as intellect, heart (qalb), without losing his lust and animal passions, as well as his entire mechanic body  movement such a beautiful and dynamic. Thus, human conferred various advantages, and these advantages are not given by Allah to other creatures except for human and has caused them to gain glory. “And surely We have honored the children of Adam, and We carry them in the land and the sea, and We have given them of the good things, and We have made them to excel by an appropriate excellence over most of those whom We have created”(QS. Al Isra’ : 70)

The gift of Allah Is so great that given to humans is a proof that human is the most prefect creature, and has the highest degree even beyond the angle degree. However, the glory of humans is closely related with their commitments to maintain these advantages in a way to use them optimally and balanced in line with the will of Allah who has designed at the beginning. Even though by nature, human is the most glorify creature of Allah,but they can be humiliated even  the most vile creature under animal  if they cannot optimally utilize three grace privilege that they own namely : Spiritual, Emotional, and intellectual within them according to vision and mission of their creation.

Fundamentalism and Islamic Radicalism in Indonesia

       Islamic Fundamentalism is a broad term that Refers to the philosophical or theological approach of certain groups within the Islamic tradition who hold that the Qur'an is the inerrant and literal word of God, and that Muslims are required to strictly adhere to the religious practices and moral codes found there. Most forms of Islamic Fundamentalism maintain that a true Muslim state and society is essential for following Islamic religious law, and hold that there should be no distinction between religious and political life, a position that puts them in tension with the modern democratic principle of the separation of church and state. Islamic Fundamentalism IS ALSO the primary source of much of the resistance to the West and secular modernism within Muslim countries. Although Islamic Fundamentalism receives a tremendous amount of attention in the western media, it represents a minority position within the Islamic tradition and is openly rejected and resisted by many Muslims.

The philosophical roots of Islamic Fundamentalism are largely the result of a conscious attempt to revive and restate the theoretical relevance of Islam in the modern world. An Islamic revivalist movement, Often Characterized by moral conservatism, literalism, and the attempt to implement Islamic values ​​in all spheres of life.

       Radicalism In political science, the term radicalism is the belief that society needs to be changed, and that Reviews These changes are only possible through revolutionary means.

On Several occasions Indonesia has made global headlines due to the vicious terrorist attacks and the presence of terrorist networks (and training camps) that may be connected to the militant al-Qaeda group. Indonesia IS ALSO Considered one of the world's Reviews largest suppliers of Islamic State (IS) fighters, with more than 500 Indonesians having joined the war in Syria and Iraq, based on the data from the National Counter-Terrorism Agency (BNPT). It illustrates the existence of a radical Muslim community not only Believes that Islam should be the sole guidance in life but IS ALSO willing to use extreme measures to reform and uproot established conditions. With more than 200 million Muslim inhabitants, Indonesia contains the Reviews largest Muslim population in the world. This number is roughly equal to 13 percent of the total number of Muslims in the world. However, this group of 200 million people does not represent a homogeneous group. Much variety can be found in Indonesian Islam as well as in their perceptions regarding the role that Islam should play within Indonesian politics and society. Although around 88 percent of the Indonesian population is Muslim, Indonesia is not an Islamic state ruled by Islamic law. As most Indonesians can be labeled as moderate Muslims, the majority Tus Approves of a secular democracy and a pluralist society. This attitude is visible in the results of the 2009 legislative election when Islamic political parties that stress the importance of a Dominating, stricter Islamic stream in the government received few votes. The secular political parties that support a moderate and tolerant Islamic democracy and society, on the other hand, proved to be very popular. But this does not withstand the fact that Indonesia has been experiencing a continuing process of Islamization since this religion first arrived in the archipelago of many Centuries ago. However, this process should not be confused with Islamism or radicalism. Radical Muslims in Indonesia only constitute a small minority.

INDONESIA'S RADICAL LINK TO THE MIDDLE EAST

      Radical Islamic movements in Indonesia are not a new phenomenon but have been present since the colonial era. The underlying reasons for a Muslim to radicalize can be (a mixture of) political exclusion, feelings that great Injustice has been done towards the Muslim community or feelings of western domination (which results in resentment of the West). It is also important to note that Indonesian radical movements have Reviews their origin in reform movements in the Middle East. Wahhabism, a very strict interpretation that aims for a return to the true nature of the Islam as it was practiced during the days of prophet Muhammad, was founded by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab in Saudi Arabia in the mid-18th century. The purification of Islam would Strengthen the position of Islam vis-a-vis the growing western powers. Around 1800, Indonesian pilgrim's arriving back in the archipelago after the pilgrimage to Mecca, brought with them this Wahhabi ideology and Aimed for Reviving Indonesian Islam. Not coincidentally Wahhabism was spread through the archipelago when the Dutch Began to expand Reviews their political role. Another radical movement that would gain much influence in Indonesia was the Salafi-movement that stems from Egypt at the end of the 19th century. Essentially Its ideology is very similar to Wahhabism. Contact with the Middle East was key in spreading stricter forms of Islam to Indonesia. When the Suez Canal opened in 1869, the which quickened Significantly journeys to the Middle East, contacts with religious centers in the Middle East were intensified. Not only an Increase in numbers of Indonesian pilgrim's emerged, but Also more Indonesians went to study in Egypt or Saudi Arabia. Vice versa migrants from Arabia founded Salafi-influenced organisasi in the archipelago, for example Al-Irsyad (Union for Reformation and Guidance) and Persatuan Islam (Islamic Union) in West Java, both promoting the purification of Islam. Today, Reviews These links to the Middle East are still very important for the present Indonesian radical movements (see below), both for ideological support and for financial funding.

CONTINUED SUPPRESSION IN INDEPENDENT INDONESIA

     When Indonesia Became an independent country, the stricter Muslim groups were to Become disappointed. In Sukarno's secular government there was no room for an Islamic state. Part of the radical Indonesian Muslim community joined the Darul Islam rebellion roomates Aimed for the establishment of an Islamic state in Indonesia. This movement started in the 1940s but was Eventually crushed by the Indonesian military in 1962. However, segments of the Darul Islam went underground and would produce and inspire other radical movements.

During Suharto's New Order government and radical Muslim voices were pushed underground organisasi even more severely as were Muslim Activists Imprisoned, Often without trial. They were Considered a threat to Suharto's political power. Some, such as Abdullah Sungkar and Abu Bakar Ba'asyir (leaders of the Juma'ah Islamiyah), Fled the country to seek a living in Malaysia. The radical religious groups that stayed in Indonesia kept underground and were mostly concentrated around the university Campuses in the bigger cities.

INDONESIAN RADICALISM COMES TO THE SURFACE

     When Suharto was forced to leave office in 1998 and the Reformation period Commenced, it implied no more political restrictions to the establishment of (radical-inspired) organisasi Muslim. Many Muslim Activists were released from prison and radicals that had Fled the country Returned. Another reason that Explains the rise of terror acts since Suharto's fall is that the Islamic political parties that wanted to turn Indonesia into an Islamic nation a big Defeat Suffered during the 1999 elections, receiving only a relatively small amount of the votes. Similar to the New Order, the Reformation period does not seem to be fertile soil for political Islam, Thus forcing radicals to use extreme tactics to try to make a difference.

     Some contemporary radical organisasi that have been in the spotlight since the Reformation period are the Majelis Mujahidin Indonesia (Indonesian Council of Jihad Fighters), the Islamic Defenders Front (Front of Islamic Defenders), the Juma'ah Islamiyah (Islamic Congregation) and the ( already disbanded) Laskar Jihad (Warriors of Jihad). Each of Reviews These organisasi share the aim for the implementation of sharia law, are anti-western and its members do not refrain from using violence. Another feature Reviews These radical Arab organisasi share is the background of its founders.

Some of Reviews These groups have acquired military training in Afghanistan and are part of the larger Islamic networks. Besides prominent Reviews These groups, there are other smaller clusters operating in Indonesia as well.

    

    The Juma'ah Islamiyah is behind some of the most vicious attacks in the last 15 years and is regarded as being responsible for introducing a new phenomenon to Indonesia: the bomb attack. On 25 December 2000 bombs exploded at 11 churches across Indonesia, killing 19 people. Most notorious is probably the 2002 Bali bombings when two bombs exploded almost simultaneously in a night club, killing 202 people, most of Whom were foreign tourists. In 2005 another bombing occurred in Bali, killing twenty people. In 2003 the JW Marriott Hotel in Jakarta was bombed killing 12 people and in 2009 another bombing in the JW Marriott Hotel together with a bomb in the Ritz Carlton Hotel in Jakarta killed nine people in total. This list makes Juma'ah Islamiyah one of the most violent terrorist groups in the world.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN INDONESIA'S RADICAL ISLAM

       According to the Indonesian police, 55 terror suspects have been killed and 583 have been Arrested during the period 2000-2010. The Indonesian government stresses the importance of combating terrorist cells within the country and finds itself in close cooperation with the United States and the Australian Federal Police to topple terrorists. In 2003 a special counter-terrorism squad, called Detachment 88, was established (and is part of the Indonesian National Police). Densus 88 is funded by the American government and is trained by the CIA, FBI and US Secret Service. This unit has had Considerable success in weakening the Juma'ah Islamiyah network.

The current various terrorist cells in Indonesia seem to Operate Independently from each other forming splinter groups. This is a change from the past; radical Muslims now prefer to Operate in smaller networks instead of bigger ones (on a national scale) as it is much more difficult, for the authorities to trace such smaller networks. Another difference with the past is that All These terrorist cells seem to have changed tactics regarding the targets of Reviews their attacks. Previously, targets consisted mainly of western or foreign people and symbols of the western world, such as Embassies and Certain nightclubs or hotels that are frequently visited or owned by westerners. Since 2010, however, more and more attacks are directed towards symbols of the Indonesian state. In 2011 multiple attacks on Indonesian police officers happened throughout Indonesia, probably in reaction to the many arrests made by Detachment 88.

       

     Another new extremist organization in Indonesia is the Jemaah Anshorut Tauhid (JAT). It was founded by Abu Bakar Ba'asyir (co-founder of Jemaah Islamiyah) in 2008 and has been added to the US terror list in 2012 for multiple coordinated attacks against Indonesian Civilians, police and military personnel. In September 2011 a suicide bomber of the JAT detonated explosives in a church in Central Java, wounding Several people. The Indonesian police have uncovered additional suicide Also plots (across Indonesia) by this group.

ACEH TRAINING CAMP

      In 2010, the Indonesian government has had reasonable success in combating terrorist networks. Detachment 88 killed the country's most wanted terrorists, Dulmatin, in March 2010. This Dulmatin is suspected to be the mastermind behind the 2002 Bali bombings. Barely one month Earlier, Detachment 88 discovered a paramilitary training camp in the jungle of Aceh where - allegedly - were prepared attacks against the Indonesian president and against foreigners and other 'infidels'. Dulmatin had been one of the leaders of this Aceh training camp. In June 2010, another mastermind of the Aceh training camp was Arrested and sentenced to ten years in prison in 2011. During the course of 2010, 51 members of this Aceh training camp were Arrested and charged. In August 2010, Detachment 88 Arrested Abu Bakar Ba'asyir who allegedly helped funding the Aceh training camp. He was sentenced to 15 years in prison. Lastly, in December 2010, Abu Tholut was Arrested by Densus 88 due to his involvement in organizing this training camp.

Below is a list of recent violent incidents involving Muslim radical groups:

• In April 2011, a suicide bomber wounded 30 people (mostly policemen) in a mosque on a police compound in Cirebon (West Java).

• In September 2011, a suicide bomber wounded 22 Indonesian churchgoers in Solo (Central Java).

• In March 2012, Detachment 88 killed five Muslim radicals (in Bali) who were planning robberies to finance future terror attacks.

• In September 2012, Detachment 88 Arrested a group of 11 Muslim radicals in Solo and confiscated homemade bombs that are assumed to be used for attacks against the Indonesian police and the parliament building.

• In early January 2013, Detachment 88 killed five suspected Muslim terrorists in Bima and Dompu on the island of Sumbawa (West Nusa Tenggara). Allegedly, Reviews These suspects killed were preparing terrorist attacks on targets on Sumbawa.

• In May 2013, Detachment 88 killed seven and Arrested 20 suspected terrorists in raids throughout Java. One week Earlier a plot to bomb the embassy of Myanmar was uncovered.

    Although there are some positive developments in the battle against Islamic radicalism in Indonesia, it should be Noted that radical ideology will Werner to be rooted in the thoughts of a small part of Indonesia's Muslim community as long as there is a secular Indonesian government. And part of that radical community will use violence to Realize Reviews their ideals. History has shown that many western places where people can gather Become the targets of Reviews their violence. We would therefore always advise people to avoid places that can be Considered symbolic of the western world, such as western luxury hotel chains, disco clubs, etc.

COKELAT NDALEM MINI RESEARCH

Islamic Business Ethics

Cokelat Ndalem Mini Research

 

Lecturer :

Mohammad Bekti Hendrie Anto, S.E., M.Sc.

Student’s Name

Ahmad miftah Baiquni 13311356

International Program

Universitas Islam Indonesia

Cokelat Ndalem’s Description

As a special region in Indonesia, Yogyakarta preserves Javanese culture firmly. Keraton Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat or Yogyakarta palace is the center of most Javanese tradition and culture. King and his family live in the palace and nurturing the tradition toward its society. Many custom keep exist nowadays, such as traditional dances, clothing, and traditional ceremonies. Not only identic with original java traditions but also there are a lot modern culinary combined with javaness culture.    

One of them is Cokelat Ndalem, which is a homemade chocolate able to combining these potential, local culture and chocolate into valuable products. Initiated by a couple, Meika Hazim and Wednes Aria Yuda, as the owners of  Cokelat Ndalem created, it as their feedback to Yogyakarta, the city where they live in, the early pioneering 50 million, was spent for the purchase of tools to make chocolate. By the end of 2012, the products that I sell directly deposited in batik boutique close to Malioboro, the response is quite good. And then after seeing good response, March 2013, Cokelat Ndalem officially launched as a brand under management of CV. nDalem Mulya Mandiri. As a brand, Cokelat Ndalem accentuate on uniqueness and local value coined by Yogyakarta wisdom and culture. The strong cultural background has substantial influence in its products.

Why give the name of Cokelat nDalem. nDalem in the Java language has a good meaning, which means the house as a place where we can feel the most comfortable. This business is conducted at home parents Meika, and is consistent with the philosophy that he wanted to lift that chocolate is made wholeheartedly, as a sign of care to people who are close to the heart.

Chocolate as its main products able to accommodate the local farmers commodities for the demand of raw ingredients since Cokelat Ndalem innovates the taste of its chocolate products with local herbs. By 2014, Cokelat Ndalem has 5 different chocolate lineup, classic, hot chocolate, herbs chocolate, herbal drink, and coffee. Each category has different variant. Classic chocolate has dark chocolate and less sugar dark chocolate; for hot chocolate, there are hot chili chocolate, hot ginger and hot mint chocolate. Cokelat Ndalem herbs category consists of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) chocolate, clove (Syzygium aromaticum) chocolate, and cinnamon (Cinnamomum) chocolate. Others Indonesian refinement in Cokelat Ndalem products appear on indigenous refreshment lineup; wedang ronde, wedang bajigur and wedang uwuh are authentic beverage from Yogyakarta combining with chocolate and creating uniqueness. The commitment towards Indonesia culture and raw materials showed on its latest product lines, coffee.

Cokelat Ndalem collaborates with local farmer to supply its demand of coffee from all over country. Start from the western part, Cokelat Ndalem launched their Aceh Gayo coffee chocolate, followed by Jogja Merapi coffee, Bali Kintamani coffee, Flores Bajawa coffee, Toraja Kalosi, and PapuaWamena coffee into their chocolate products In addition, the packaging of the products presents various images from bregada keraton (Yogyakarta palace soldiers) to batik motives including the story behind it. ). In order to reach company’s aim, to introducing Indonesian culture through its products, Cokelat Ndalem designs the packaging to accommodate the information in such a way. In its company profile, Cokelat Ndalem cites their passionate brand message because  “their main concern is not only make the good chocolate, but also how they could re-educate and tell story about Indonesian culture to  all their customers. By providing the story in bilingual, they hope that they can tell story about Indonesia culture into much larger part of the world. Is a collaboration of chocolate and culture.”  In addition, this bran empowers the local farmers for its herbs as raw material. This home industry in its development penetrated its market to nationwide and exploring some possibilities for another Indonesia’s herb.

Even if The price of chocolate that are sold to resellers have no limitation. The owners give them the freedom to determine the price, such as for resellers in Jambi and Lombok. The selling price of products that stipulation was reached Rp12-Rp30 thousand thousand. With those selling price, they was able to get a the turnover of Rp 40 million-50 million per month. So that in a year could be over 300 million" The performance of this compaby can be seen throught its turnover since it begun to be established where in the beginning, they could handful Rp300 million, the second year can be up to 500 million, after which it can be Rp600 million.

Cokelat Ndalem’s consumers are adults who already have a steady income. Because adjusted from each theme is presented each cokelat nDalem flavors. Besides, the design shown on the packaging tend to the classics, such as batik representing shades of each region in the archipelago, spices typical of the archipelago and others, so that consumers tend to mothers from middle to upper class.

Consumers of cokelat nDalem mostly from Java and Bali. Because cokelat nDalem is still young which is about 3 years so that the spread or sales are still around the islands of Java and Bali.The location of the market is quite a lot, there are about 35 Cokelat  nDalem, but most of them are resellers, to branches in Jakarta, Solo and Yogyakarta. Its center itself is located on Jl. Bhayangkara No. 23, Yogyakarta.

Characteristics of this cokelat nDalem market, namely the upper middle class, teenagers and mothers. As it relates to the price of this cokelat nDalem fair to middling so that consumers whose is buying at average they already have their own income.

Cokelat Ndalem products are usually shipped according to market needs. Usually every month definitely do the distribution to the branches in Jakarta, Java and Bali. Just to the percentage experienced ups and downs but definitely keep doing the distribution.

Market demand and the availability of goods in Cokelat nDalem run with the condition, because the principle of Cokelat nDalem is that every day do the production so there is no shortage of production or ran out of stock. Because Cokelat nDalem have galleries which of course was never empty. Did the opposite in this Cokelat nDalem was no exceeding of goods because each production was adapted availability of stock in the warehouse with the material provided. Cokelat nDalem not initially have its own gallery. Founder cokelat nDalem said that initially they produce and sell it in different places. So it affects consumption level market. advertising just around Jogja and partly in social media (twitter).

Over time in 2013 they set up their own gallery. In fact they make a mini museum which contains the history of the world and the history of chocolate in Indonesia. Not only that inside of the  gallery there is  its own production place . So it was very having an effect on the consumer market. Cokelat NDalem chocolate spread its wings by opening branches in major cities such as Jakarta, Solo, Bali. So that became more widespread distribution and consumption even more and more markets.

Location production made as best possible, starting from the placement of a sterile production and classic style, not only that visitors can also see directly how to make chocolate, because the room fitted with glass in the front , so we could see the activity inside.

The building where the production is not too large as like another famous factories chocolate, but this Cokelat nDalem’s design is a very classic. When we entered the first room, we'll look at the counter along with several packets of cokelat nDalem. Then, on the left we are immediately presented with a museum, more precisely a mini museum. We will look at the history of the chocolate world, starting from Mayan to the establishment of a chocolate factory in the world's No. 1 brand. Then on the right, we are presented with a brief history of chocolate until the history of cokelat nDalem Indonesia. The room mini museum is very classic and very distinctive smell, equipped with ancient ornaments add to the atmosphere classic.

In the next room there is a gallery of products cokelat nDalem. Chocolate sorted by design neat and orderly. Starting from row left is the classic chocolate that contains: Dark Chocolate, Extra Dark Chocolate, and Chocolate Milk. Then in the next row there is a sense of spice archipelago, after which there is the taste of coffee archipelago, and in the front row there Chocolate Green Tea. All are packed with beautiful and classic. If we look to the left we are presented with the chocolate making process. There is the production of a space bounded by the glass, so visitors can see first hand the chocolate production to packaging.

Cokelat NDalem in a day is capable of producing as much as 15 kg of raw material, besides cokelat nDalem also choose seeds from the best cocoa farmer from Gunung Kidul. Besides the chocolate seeds, the plant of Chocolate nDalem has no option other raw materials but Cokelat nDalem have supporting materials were varied so as to create a sense of diverse, supporting materials from the manufacture of chocolate are various spices from various regions in Indonesia as well as the taste of the coffee that varies , It is able to prove that the product Cokelat nDalam is a creative product. In addition, Cokelat nDalem also has relationships with a chocolate factory so that they receive raw semi-receive material then be processed again, it anticipates running out of raw materials, if farmers harvest decreased. All note with a very precise, especially those for raw materials because it is an important component.

The Concept of business Ethic

Business ethics are moral principles that guide the way a business behaves. The same principles that determine an individual”s actions also apply to business.  Acting in an ethical way involves distinguishing between right and wrong and then making the right choice. It is relatively easy to identify unethical business practices.

Cooporate Social Responsibility

Corporate social responsibility is a corporation's  initiatives to assess and take responsibility for the company's effects on environmental and social wellbeing. The term generally applies to efforts that go beyond what may be required by regulators or environmental protection groups. CSR may also be referred to as corporate citizenship and can involve incurring short term costs that do not provide an immediate financial benefit to the company, but instead promote positive social and environmental change.

Cokelat Ndalem has done properly in terms of Coorporate Social Responsibility where it has allocated some of its profit to social events in yogyakarta like religious events (tahfidz and etc) Besides it also has became sponsorhip for society events, education events, university events and etc. And also cokelat nDalem has promoted sustainable production without producing too much chocolate. on the other words, it has produced the amount  needed only. I assumed that it will promote sustainable envirounment.    

Marketing departement

A marketing department promotes your business and drives sales of its products or services. It provides the necessary research to identify your target customers and other audiences. Depending on the company’s hierarchical organization, a marketing director, manager or vice president of marketing might be at the helm. In some businesses, a vice president of sales and marketing oversees both the marketing and sales departments with a strong manager leading each department. It’s important to keep a strong marketing department intact regardless of the economy so you remain visible and keep sales strong.

Cokelat Ndalem has promoted its products through social media as well as coorporating with another stores and hotel to  boost its sell. So far, there is no violation of islamic bisiness ethic  when they are doing promotion, advertising and other things in marketing where it has gone as usual. Cokelat Ndalem has boosted its business presention  in country through spirit of brotherhood where they are very good in maintaining the relationship with their branches strores. They also tried hard to expand their business in the overseas go through opening outlet when there are business  exhibilitions  for example they already joined business exhibilition in japan, hongkong, malaysia and etc In which they never used  a bad way  to get the competition as well as to get a lot of consumer.   

Human resource departement

A human resources department is a critical component of employee well-being in any business, no matter how small. HR responsibilities include payroll, benefits, hiring, firing, and keeping up to date with state and federal tax laws.Any mix up concerning these issues can cause major legal problems for your business, as well as major employee dissatisfaction. But small businesses often don't have the staff or the budget to properly handle the nitty-gritty details of HR.

The owners of Cokelat Ndalem has educated its workers to work diciplinely and treat them like family, this is indicating that the owner always minggle with them in the producing process, it shown that there is no huge gap between owner and  employees. Evethough this cokelat Ndelame is not big firm like another chocelate company in the world who has provide many incentive toward their employee, but the owners of Cokelat Ndalem has done properly in treating their employees.

They also tried to coorporate with small cacao farmers in which they want to help livinghood of the Cacao farmer especially in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. By educating them and giving intense information about the standard good cacao seed for chocolate. As well as advise them to make varian of cacao seed  So that they can improve value added for the product of its cacao farmer patners.  

Evaluation and Opion   

so cokelate Ndalem is one of the unique chocolate industries in Yogyakarta. Serving several flavors of chocolate is one of the interesting point that Cokelat Ndalem offers to its consumer. Not only that if you visit  to Cokelat Ndalem, what you will pay attantion to  the museum. And it must be encouraged  consumer to get to know more about how chocolate is going to be addable. As well as you will  get a lot of new information about chocolate and how the history of it. The more interesting thing is about the idea of the owner, the chocolate can be created into several flavors. And making wonder how the owner think of it. And suppose that the creativity of the owner is quiet strong to make Cokelat Ndalem arise its name. The way the owner named the business is also great since the meaning of Cokelat Ndalem is the home of chocolate which has philosophy meaning that is the consumer who buy and consume the chocolate will feel like enjoying chocolate in their home. I think that is also a very good point to interact consumer. By mentioning the special things of Cokelat Ndalem it can be seen that there is differences between  Cokelat Ndalem and  other chocolate industries in Yogyakarta. Cokelat Ndalem has so many valuable things that can arise its name. As well as can see that they also good in terms of marketing, keeping relationship with all stakeholders such as community, society, employees as well as government. In terms of maketing, they has boosted its business presention  in country through spirit of brotherhood where they are very good in maintaining the relationship with their branches strores. They also tried hard to expand their business in the overseas go through opening outlet when there are business  exhibilitions. Another field in the Coorporate Social Responsibilty, they has done properly in terms of Coorporate Social Responsibility where it has allocated some of its profit to social events in yogyakarta like religious events Besides it also has became sponsorhip for society events, education events, university events and etc. And also cokelat nDalem has promoted sustainable production without producing too much chocolate. on the other words, it has produced the amount  needed only as well as in terms of human resource has done well in treating their employee, empowering the cocoa farmer as well as treat them like family. Evethough Cokelat Ndalem has done well in terms of business ethic but cokelat Ndalem still left behind with another chocolate producer in Yogyakarta in terms management in which cokelat Ndalem still count on the owners as the one who manage everything from marketing, producting, budgeting, as well as human resource where they needs the one who have more spesific knowledge in these fields to make their business growth further and faster. It may be said that it can be understanable because this businesss still young but it should be not reasons that can not work and improve faster in this competitive era.

All in all, I really belief that this business will improve and expand further in the next 5 years eventhough now it is  still categorized as small and medium enterprise right now. But by seeing its perfomance of the business since it was introduced to public, it shown that it has  a good response from society . I do have strong belief that one day, it will become of the big business in the future and become the Icon of foods or snack in yogykarta as the growing of young and adult people  really love the chocolate as well as yogykarta is the toursm and eduction city who has a lot of newcomers.   

the differences of DISTRIBUTIVE NEGOTIATION and INTEGRATIVE NEGOTIATION

  

Distributive negotiation is a negotiation that gives benefit to one side as long as another side agrees to the agreement that they have made.  Distributive negotiation is known with forcing distributive. In this negotiation at least, there is one party who will be win or lose so that an achievable goal to have the distribution of which is certain or fixed. For distributive negotiation, the relationship among the parties is not really important. Every party in this kind of negotiation has a strong goal to win and closed toward possibility and other opportunities. Therefore, the time of negotiation will be done as soon as possible and in the interval time as relative short.

You can use this kind of negotiation when you are knowing your standing is powerful in here possibility to be winner is really strong and you didn’t care about the relationship with another party after negotiation is done. 

For example

In the Case of huge and excessed exploitation of Indonesia marine and fisheries in which it threatens the marine ecosystem between Indonesia and other countries as well as unbenefitting indonesia, such as smuggling and stealing in the Malacca Strait to dredge the fish in the region adversely impacted to indonesia. So here ,indonesia government is  much better used the distributive negotiation over the illegal fishermen of other countries.

Integrative negotiation, this kind of negotiation is involving the coorporation both parties for achieving the agreement that will be benefiting both of parties. So that’s why, this kind of negotiation is known a problem solving. Different with distributive negotiation, this kind of negotiation will be resulting win – win for both of parties in which its result in the form of many choices and collaboration, The relationship between the negotiators after the negotiation is very important that during the negotiations, the two parties to be open, communicative, creative, and have a willingness to change. The time required to conduct these negotiations longer than distributive negotiation.

You can use this kind of negotiation when you are know that you still need another party. You have less powerful position in here. And you’re still concerning the relationship among both of you after negotiation process.

For example:

In this type of negotiation, the parties involved will work together to achieve maximum profitability by integrating their interests. In the case, this negotiation is like when the ten country of ASEAN plus China agreed to establish the ASEAN Economic Community because every single country need one another. Indonesia and Australia trade in term of Importing  beef and cottons in which in here both of parties Indonesia need to use integrative negotiation because Indonesia still need a hand from Australia in providing the beef with cheaper price and Australia need a hand from Indonesia to providing the cottons .  Another example of integrative negotiation is problem solving Iran with the western country to reach an agreement to request Iran disarm nuclear weapons in effort western country to withdraw for embargo economic which led to the peace, in the end of the day IRAN make active and exporting its oil to western countries  again and as well as many westerners can invest their money again in Iran productive sectors.